Asian Journal of Sports Medicine
Volume:13 Issue: 4, Dec 2022

Context: 

Athletes have routine activity programs, and better physical health is expected among them. There is limited information about the connection between athletes' injuries during sports activity and their future health status.

 The prevalence of spine changes related to sports activities and what risk factors were associated with these events in athletes.

 SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science were used for article searching.

 Sports injuries in sports happen frequently. Our data is limited to introducing sports with the highest risk of injury. A history of sports injury, an intense training program, and years of sports activities are factors predicting injury. It has been seen that former top male athletes have more activity than age-matched control individuals.

 Spinal injury management in athletes needs a proper diagnosis, work-up, and complex rehabilitation plans; otherwise, it can lead to spinal complaints in the future. Rest, appropriate analgesia, and rehabilitation are the three main primary treatments. The usage of orthoses is not recommended for these injuries in general.

 Overweightness and obesity were major health problems in the last century. Chinese acupressure, traditional Iranian medicine, and aerobic exercise are low-risk and low-cost methods for its prevention and treatment.

 The purpose of this study was a comparison of six weeks of Chinese acupressure with traditional Iranian medicine along with aerobic exercise on body weight and serum lipid factors in obese and overweight women.

 In this applied study, 24 obese and overweight women with a BMI above 25 were randomly divided into two groups of 12: Chinese acupressure and Iranian traditional medicine with aerobic exercise. In the Chinese acupressure group, the ear acupressure method was used using herbal seed and in the traditional Iranian medicine group, the lunch elimination method was used. The aerobic exercise program of the two groups was performed for six weeks, three sessions per week, and each session lasted 60 minutes with moderate intensity. Body weight, waist-to-hip ratio, lipid factors, blood sugar, blood pressure, and nutritional status of the subjects were measured before and after the study and were analyzed using independent and dependent t-tests.

 The results of the present study showed that in the Chinese acupressure group, along with aerobic exercise, lipid factors improved, and body weight decreased. In the traditional Iranian medicine group, along with aerobic exercise, lipid factors improved, while blood pressure and blood sugar decreased significantly. In the intergroup results, there was a significant difference only in the blood sugar variable.

 Both Iranian and Chinese medicine, along with aerobic exercise, had a relatively similar effect on the variables.

 Shoulder pain which affects sports performance and activities of daily life, is a common musculoskeletal problem experienced by badminton players.

 This study aimed to identify the association of shoulder pain with physical fitness in elite university badminton players participating in the national tournament via medical check-ups.

 Physical fitness evaluations were performed among fifty-two 18 - 22 years old university badminton players participating in the national tournament. Handgrip strength, heel buttock distance, angle of straight leg raise, single leg stance, shoulder range of motion, and trunk range of motion were assessed. The prevalence of present shoulder pain was described. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association of present shoulder pain with physical fitness.

 Sixteen badminton players (30.8%) sustained present shoulder pain related to badminton. Dominant trunk rotation (adjusted OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84 - 0.99, P-value = 0.028) and single leg stance of the nondominant leg (adjusted OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94 - 1.00, P-value = 0.048) were significantly associated with the presence of present shoulder pain.

 Decreased trunk rotation and deficit in single-leg stance balance might be potential risk factors associated with physical fitness for shoulder pain in university badminton players at national tournament level. These findings can help draw the attention of badminton coaches, players, and team members to facilitate physical fitness promotion for badminton pain/injury prevention.

 The present study investigated sports knowledge, attitude, and practice in adolescent athletes in Tehran, Iran.

 Data were collected using the Sports Nutritional Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors questionnaire (SNKABQ), completed by 174 high school students in Tehran aged 15 - 18 years (85 females and 89 males). The original version of SNKABQ was designed in English and, in this study, was translated into Persian and adapted to the Iranian nutritional culture. The SNKABQ has devoted five sections: Demographic information, eating and drinking habits, attitudes toward nutrition, knowledge of nutrition, and resource nutritional information. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

 The mean total score was 59%, while the mean scores of 66%, 63.4%, and 48.71% were recorded for sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the sports nutrition knowledge and attitude between the male and female students (P ≥ 0.05). However, the male students selected more appropriate feeding methods than the females (P = 0.009). In addition, school area and sports type affected the level of sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and selection of proper nutritional behaviors.

 According to the results, the adolescent athletes aged 15 - 18 years in Tehran do not have sufficient sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice, or if they have some correct expertise in some parts, they usually cannot apply their information. Therefore, it is suggested that effective measures be taken to increase the nutritional knowledge of adolescent athletes to maintain their health, ensure their growth, and facilitate their athletic progress.

 Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries commonly occur when athletes land in high risk positions such as knee valgus. The impact of foot orthoses during exercises that recreate a non-contact ACL harm system (i.e., landing) in any case will be obscured.

 The purpose of the current study research was to evaluate the effect of two foot orthoses (semi-hard foot orthoses and hard foot orthoses) on knee valgus angle during single-leg drop landing.

 Twenty male leisure volleyball gamers performed landing in one-leg step from 30 cm height in 3 conditions (without foot orthoses, mid-hard foot orthoses, and hard foot orthoses). A motion capture system was used to measure lower extremity kinematics. Two risk factors of ACL injury, maximum knee valgus angle (KVA), and maximum knee flexion was measured. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis (P < 0.05).

 With mid-hard foot, orthoses provide the maximum level of knee flexion and the minimum level of knee valgus during single-leg drop landing.

 It may be concluded showed that foot orthoses affect knee kinematics. More knee flexion and less knee valgus brought about by mid-hard foot orthoses can reduce injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).

 Clomiphene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), is a drug which is primarily used for the treatment of anovulatory infertility in female patients. Although as an off-label use, some authorities and physicians use this drug for the treatment of idiopathic oligoasthenospermia in male patients. Clomiphene has two isomers and multiple metabolites, and its cis isomer (Zuclomiphene) can be detected in urine for as long as eight months in some cases.

 A 30-year-old male futsal player used clomiphene for infertility for two months. After 17 weeks from the last dose, his urine sample result came out as an adverse analytical finding for clomiphene. Despite the initial ruling on a four-year ban by the national anti-doping agency, the appeals committee reduced the athlete's ban to two years after receiving explanations from the athlete, his appropriate doping record, and the fact that no trace of other substances, such as anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) was found in the player's sample.

 In this article, the authors try to show the importance of athletes' familiarity with the anti-doping code and try to emphasize the importance of the fact that athletes should receive therapeutic use exemption (TUE) if they take any drugs with doping potential.